Common Roofing Problems That Show Up During Winter (and How to Fix Them)

Winter in Washington state often brings both beauty and winter roofing problems that can challenge even well-maintained homes. Snow, ice, freezing rain, and high winds can take a toll on your roof, causing issues that may compromise the safety and comfort of your home. 

Understanding these common winter roofing problems – and knowing how to prevent or address them – can save homeowners thousands in repairs and prevent long-term damage. Our team has extensive experience helping Washington homeowners protect their roofs during the harsh winter months. Here’s what we recommend.

Ice Dams: A Silent Threat

Ice dams are among the most common and destructive winter roofing problems. They form when snow on the roof melts due to heat escaping from the attic, flows down the roof, and refreezes at the colder edges near the eaves. This creates a dam of ice that traps water on the roof. 

The trapped water can seep under shingles and into the home, leading to leaks, water stains, and even structural damage.

Preventing and Fixing Ice Dams

• Proper attic insulation and ventilation are critical. Sealing air leaks and adding insulation keeps the roof surface cold, preventing uneven snowmelt.
• Installing heated cables or heat tape can help melt ice dams safely in problematic areas.
• If an ice dam forms, avoid attempting to chip it away yourself. The safest approach is to hire a professional to remove it and inspect the roof for leaks.

Roof Leaks and Water Intrusion

Leaks caused by ice dams or roof damage can be subtle but dangerous. Water may enter the attic or walls without immediate detection, leading to mold, mildew, and structural weakening over time. Even small leaks can damage insulation and wiring, increasing repair costs if ignored.

How to Address Roof Leaks

• Inspect your attic regularly during winter for signs of moisture, such as water stains, wet insulation, or mold growth.
• Repair damaged shingles promptly and replace any compromised flashing around vents, chimneys, and skylights.
• Consider applying a waterproof underlayment in vulnerable areas for additional protection against leaks.

Snow Accumulation and Structural Load

Heavy snow can accumulate rapidly, especially on low-pitch or flat roofs, increasing the structural load. In extreme cases, this weight can cause sagging or even roof collapse. Roofs in regions with frequent snow should be designed to handle significant snow loads.

Prevention and Maintenance

• Use a long-handled roof rake to remove excess snow carefully from the ground. Avoid climbing onto icy roofs, which is dangerous.
• For homes with flat or low-slope roofs, consult a roofing professional to ensure your roof is structurally reinforced to handle heavy snow loads.

Clogged Gutters and Ice Buildup

Gutters clogged with leaves, debris, or ice can block water drainage, causing overflow onto the roof and walls. This increases the risk of leaks and ice dam formation. Clogged gutters can also cause fascia boards and soffits to rot over time.

Maintenance Tips

• Clean gutters thoroughly before winter and inspect downspouts to ensure proper drainage.
• Consider gutter guards or heated gutter systems to prevent ice buildup.
• Inspect gutters periodically throughout winter, particularly after heavy snow or ice storms.

Shingle Damage from Cold and Ice

Shingles can become brittle in cold weather, making them more prone to cracking or breaking under snow, ice, and wind pressure. Asphalt shingles are particularly susceptible to curling and splitting when frozen.

Repair and Replacement Advice

• Conduct a post-winter roof inspection to identify damaged shingles.
• Replace cracked, broken, or missing shingles promptly to prevent leaks.
• Consider high-quality, cold-resistant shingles from manufacturers such as CertainTeed, GAF, or Malarkey Roofing products, all widely available in Washington state.

Frozen Roof Vents and Attic Moisture

Roof vents may freeze during winter, obstructing airflow. Poor ventilation leads to moisture buildup in the attic, which can promote mold growth and further ice dam formation.

Solutions

• Inspect vents for ice or snow and clear obstructions carefully.
• Ensure soffit and ridge vents are functional to maintain proper attic airflow.
• Adequate insulation helps maintain a consistent roof deck temperature, reducing freezing issues.

Flashing Failures

Flashing around chimneys, skylights, and roof penetrations can deteriorate over time. Water can infiltrate through faulty flashing, causing leaks and water damage inside the home.

Inspection and Repair

• Check flashing annually for signs of rust, cracks, or separation.
• Replace or reseal damaged flashing using high-quality roofing sealant.
• Use step flashing for chimneys and continuous flashing for valleys to ensure a watertight seal.

Ice in Roof Valleys

Valleys, where two roof planes meet, are prone to ice accumulation. The concentrated water flow in these areas can lead to leaks if the ice backs up against shingles.

Prevention Measures

• Keep valleys free from leaves, pine needles, or other debris.
• Consider installing ice and water shield membranes during roof installation to provide extra protection in valleys.

Wind and Storm Damage

Winter storms in Washington state are a common cause of winter roofing problems, as high winds can lift shingles or dislodge roof components. Combined with freezing rain or snow, this can increase the risk of leaks and roof deterioration.

Protective Steps

• Inspect shingles and roof edges after major storms.
• Use roofing nails and adhesive as recommended by manufacturers to secure shingles against high winds.
• Trim overhanging branches to prevent roof punctures or debris accumulation.

Professional Roof Inspections

Proactive roof inspections before and during winter can prevent small issues from turning into costly repairs. Professionals can identify weak spots, improve insulation and ventilation, and recommend solutions tailored to your home’s specific needs.

Why Choose 2FL Windows, Siding, and Roofing

At 2FL Windows, Siding, and Roofing, we understand the unique challenges Washington state homeowners face during winter. Our team specializes in thorough inspections, professional repairs, and preventive measures to keep your roof in excellent condition. From ice dam mitigation to shingle replacement and attic ventilation, we provide comprehensive solutions to protect your home all season long.

Winter may be beautiful, but it is also tough on roofs. Ice dams, leaks, snow accumulation, frozen vents, damaged shingles, and poor attic ventilation are all common challenges that require attention. By addressing these problems proactively and seeking professional help when needed, homeowners can protect their investment and maintain a safe, dry, and comfortable home.Do not wait until a small roofing problem turns into a major repair. Schedule a free estimate today with 2FL Windows, Siding, and Roofing to learn more about your window replacement project and ensure your roof is ready for winter.

Further Reading:

• Roof Repairs vs Replacement: Key Factors Before the Rain
• Understanding the Importance of Soffits and Fascia in Siding Project
• Consider Replacing Your Siding and Gutters at the Same Time?
• Windows Fogging Up — Common Causes and Solutions
• Insulation Under Siding: Is It Necessary for Your Home?